Mars is the planet most similar to Earth in our solar system, by many parameters (among them the tilt of its axis), and thus many speculations have arisen about the possibility of life inhabiting it.
One speculator was astronomer Percival Lowell, who interpreted fellow astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli’s finding of a network of lines on the planet’s surface (which would later be revealed as an optical error) to be a system of artificial canals, meant to supply water from the poles to Martian residents. Mars’s poles later turned out to be made of frozen CO2.
In May 2011, NASA announced the discovery of new evidence of liquid water on the red planet during the year’s warmer months. The scientists claimed the findings indicate that there was a very real possibility of life on Mars. NASA has had evidence of frozen water on Mars for a decade, near the planet’s poles.
In their Washington press conference Monday, a NASA official said repeatedly that in the future, people will be sent to Mars. He added that scientists are attempting to find answers for basic questions about the universe, such as where we come from and whether or not we’re alone.
One of the scientists on the research team said that Mars is not a dry desert planet, as was previously thought. Today we can see that under certain circumstances, liquid water existed on Mars. He added that four years ago, research began, eventually leading to the conclusion that water was indeed the cause of certain features of the planet’s geological surface.
Another scientist added that Mars is the nearest planet with Earth-like features. 3 billion years ago it looked completely different. There was an ocean covering two thirds of the planet’s northern half. The scientist stated that Mars seems to have gone through a dramatic change in its climate, losing most of its water. NASA’s probes have discovered another new finding – humidity in the air. Some of the planet's land also showed signs of moisture.