North Korea conducts fifth and largest nuclear test
In defiance of the international community, North Korea has conducted its fifth and most powerful nuclear test to date. The nuclear experiment comes at a time of heightened tensions with neighbors and the West. 'The important thing is that five tests in, they now have a lot of nuclear test experience. They aren't a backwards state anymore.'
South Korean President Park Geun-hye, in Laos for a summit of Asian leaders on Thursday, said North Korean leader Kim Jong Un was showing "maniacal recklessness" in completely ignoring the world's call to abandon his pursuit of nuclear weapons.
US President Barack Obama, aboard Air Force One on his way home from Laos, said the test would be met with "serious consequences" and held talks with Park and with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, the White House said.
China, North Korea's only major diplomatic ally, said it was resolutely opposed to the test and urged Pyongyang to stop taking any actions that would worsen the situation.
North Korea, which labels the South and the United States as its main enemies, said its "scientists and technicians carried out a nuclear explosion test for the judgment of the power of a nuclear warhead," according to a report from its official KCNA news agency.
North Korea said the test proved it is capable of mounting a nuclear warhead on a medium-range ballistic missile, which it last tested on Monday when Obama and other world leaders were gathered in China for a G20 summit.
Its claims of being able to miniaturize a nuclear warhead have never been independently verified.
North Korea has been testing missiles at an unprecedented rate this year, and the capability to mount a nuclear warhead on a missile is especially worrisome for its neighbors South Korea and Japan.
"The standardization of the nuclear warhead will enable the DPRK to produce at will, and as many as it wants, a variety of smaller, lighter and diversified nuclear warheads of higher strike power," said KCNA.
Japanese Defense Minister Tomomi Inada said the Pyongyang regime's advances in mobile ballistic missile technology posed a grave threat to Japan.
Severe Challenge
North Korea's nuclear test coincided with the anniversary of its 1948 foundation as a republic.
Its continued testing, despite sanctions, presents a severe challenge to Obama in the final months of his presidency and could become a factor in the US presidential election in November.
According to Tadashi Kimiya, a University of Tokyo professor specializing in Korean issues, "Sanctions have already been imposed on almost everything possible, so the policy is at an impasse. In reality, the means by which the United States, South Korea and Japan can put pressure on North Korea have reached their limits," he said.
Jeffrey Lewis, of the California-based Middlebury Institute of International Studies, said the highest estimates of seismic magnitude suggested this was the most powerful nuclear test conducted by North Korea so far.
He said the seismic magnitude and surface level indicated a blast with a 20- to 30-kilotonne yield. Such a yield would make this test larger than the nuclear bomb dropped by the United States on the Japanese city of Hiroshima in World War Two and potentially bigger than that dropped on Nagasaki soon after.
"That's the largest DPRK test to date, 20-30kt, at least. Not a happy day," Lewis told Reuters.
"The important thing is that five tests in, they now have a lot of nuclear test experience. They aren't a backwards state anymore," he said.
