Hapoalim, like rival Leumi, has reduced its exposure to large corporate debtors and increased lending to households and small businesses to bolster its bottom line.
Second-quarter net profit rose to NIS 655 million ($179 million) from NIS 607 million ($168 million) a year earlier, beating the consensus forecast of NIS 597 million ($166 million) in a Reuters poll of analysts.
The bank's loan loss provisions dipped to NIS 301 million ($84 million) from NIS 344 million ($95 million), but this was higher than the NIS 258 million ($72 million) expected by analysts.
DS Brokerage analyst Meir Slater said he expects loan provisions to drop further this year.
Hapoalim made a NIS 214 million ($59 million) gain from exercising some of its bond holdings and improved its Tier 1 capital ratio to risk-weighted assets to 9.2% from 8.9% at the end of 2012.
In Basel III terms the ratio is about 8.8%, just short of the 9% Israel's banking regulator requires banks to hold by 2015 as part of the global drive to strengthen the industry and prevent a repeat of the 2008 crisis. Hapoalim is expected to reach 9% by the end of the year.
The bank declared a second-quarter dividend of NIS 0.07 ($0.02) per share, having pledged last month to reinstate regular quarterly payments.
Leumi, Israel's second-biggest bank, posted net profit of NIS 474 million (132 million) in the second quarter, up from NIS 280 million ($78 million) a year earlier but short of the NIS 497 million ($138 million) expected by analysts in a Reuters poll.
Net interest income dipped 4.4% to NIS 1.84 billion ($510 million), while non-interest income jumped 25% to NIS 1.25 billion ($350 million). Its bottom line was boosted by an NIS 86 million ($24 million) gain from the sale of shares in quartz surface maker Caesarstone.
Loan loss provisions fell nearly 75% to NIS 84 million ($23 million).
Leumi's core Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets rose to 9.03% from 8.55% at the end of 2012.