Ahmed Amarneh's home, with a wooden door opening onto cushion-lined rooms, is not the first Palestinian residence in the West Bank to receive a demolition notice from Israel.
But it may be the first built inside a cave which the Jewish state has threatened to destroy.
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Ahmed Amarneh and a neighbor chat outside his home, built in a cave in the village of Farasin, west of Jenin, in the northern West Bank
(Photo: AFP)
Amarneh, a 30-year-old civil engineer, lives with his family in the northern West Bank village of Farasin, where Israel insists it must approve any new residential construction and can tear down homes built without permits.
"I tried twice to build (a house), but the occupation authorities told me it was forbidden to build in the area," Amarneh told AFP, using a term for Israel used by some Palestinians.
The Oslo peace accords of the 1990s gave the Palestinians self-rule in parts of the West Bank.
However, some 60 percent of the territory dubbed Area C, where Farasin is located, remains under full Israeli civil and military control.
The United Nations considers Area C as Palestinian Territory.
But Israel has increasingly allocated land there for construction of Jewish settlements -- communities considered illegal under international law.
Convinced he would never get Israeli approval to build a home in his village, Amarneh set his sights on a cave in the foothills overlooking Farasin.
Amarneh said he figured that as an ancient, natural formation, Israel could not possibly argue that the cave was illegally built, while the Palestinian Authority (PA) agreed to register the land in his name.
Amarneh, whose handyman skills are considerable, sealed the entrance to the cave with a stone wall and installed a wooden door at its center.
He fashioned a kitchen, a living room and sleeping areas for himself, his pregnant wife and their young daughter. There is even lodging for guests.
He told AFP he had been living there for a year and half, but received a demolition notice from Israeli authorities in July, along with 20 other Palestinian families in Farasin.
The Israeli military branch responsible for civilian affairs in the West Bank, COGAT, told AFP demolition notices were served to some Farasin residences because of "structures that were illegally built, without the necessary permits and approvals".
Amarneh told AFP he was "surprised" to learn that he had built anything illegally.
"I didn't make the cave. It has existed since antiquity," he said, holding his young daughter in his arms.
"I don't understand how they can prevent me from living in a cave. Animals live in caves and are not thrown out. So, let them treat me like an animal and let me live in the cave."
Arab residents established the village of Farasin in 1920, said local council head Mahmud Ahmad Nasser.
It was abandoned during the 1967 Six-Day War, but from the 1980s, former residents began to return to the area. Nasser put its current population at around 200.
Farasin looks less like a village than a small collection of houses spaced widely apart.
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The daughter of Ahmed Amarneh crawls on a carpet at his home built in a cave, in the village of Farasin, west of Jenin, in the northern West Bank
(Photo: AFP)
The PA officially recognized the community of Farasin in March, but the coronavirus crisis has prevented it from providing electricity to the area, the local council said.
COGAT had indicated in April that it might suspend some scheduled demolitions due to the pandemic.
But, according to the Israeli anti-settlement campaign group B'Tselem, Israel in June demolished 63 Palestinian structures.
Roughly 450,000 Jewish settlers live in the West Bank, alongside some 2.7 million Palestinians.
Farasin residents, aside from fearing the possibly imminent arrival of bulldozers, said they have spotted a caravan belonging to a Jewish settler in the area, who appeared to be setting up a home.
"The settler arrived here some time ago with his sheep," said Nasser, the local council head, asking why a settler would arrive at the moment they have been asked to leave.
"Our people lived here for generations. Our ancestors are buried here."