Jordan urged Israel on Sunday to stop what it described as "barbaric" attacks on worshippers in Jerusalem's Al-Aqsa mosque and said it would step up international pressure.
Jordan, which has custodianship of Muslim and Christian sites in Jerusalem, said Israel should respect worshippers and international law safeguarding Arab rights.
East Jerusalem tensions have spilled over into clashes between Police and Palestinians around Al-Aqsa, Islam's third-holiest mosque, at the height of the Ramadan fasting month.
"What the Israeli police and special forces are doing, from violations against the mosque to attacks on worshippers, is barbaric (behavior) that is rejected and condemned," the government said in a statement.
Frictions have mounted in Jerusalem and the West Bank, with nightly clashes in East Jerusalem's Sheikh Jarrah - a neighborhood where numerous Palestinian families face eviction.
King Abdullah II, whose Hashemite family claims descent from Islam's Prophet Mohammad and draws legitimacy from its custodianship role, said Israeli actions in the holy city were an escalation and called on it to end its "dangerous provocations".
The monarch accused Israel of trying to change the demographic status of the holy city which contains sites sacred to Judaism, Islam and Christianity.
Jordan summoned the Israeli charge d'affaires in Amman to express the kingdom's condemnation over what it said were Israeli "attacks on worshippers", state media said.
Jordanian Foreign Minister Ayman Safadi said the kingdom, which lost East Jerusalem and the West Bank in the 1967 Six-Day War, would do its utmost to protect the rights of Palestinians against ownership claims by Jewish settlers.
"Israel as the occupying force carries responsibility for protecting rights of Palestinians in their homes," Safadi said in comments on state media.
Jordan blames Israel for allowing right-wing religious Jews entry into the Aqsa mosque compound, saying this ignites Muslim passions and raises risks of a wider regional conflagration.
"Israel's illegal actions have dangerous repercussions on the stability of the region," Safadi said.
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said his country was safeguarding the right of worship and would not tolerate rioting in the compound that houses Al-Aqsa Mosque and revered by Jews as the Temple Mount.
Jordan had earlier provided the Palestinians with land deeds in Sheikh Jarrah it says proves Israeli settler claims to the property were groundless.
"The eviction of Palestinians of Sheikh Jarrah from their homes is a war crime," Safadi said.
Several hundred Jordanians protested near the fortified Israeli embassy in the capital as dozens of anti-riot police stood by as scores chanted "Death to Israel".
They called for the expulsion of the Israeli ambassador and scrapping of an unpopular peace treaty with Israel. Many citizens in Jordan are of Palestinian origin.