Professor Emeritus Sergio Della Pergola, one of the world's leading demographers and a senior researcher at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, published a letter to the editor in the prestigious journal The Lancet Global Health, casting doubt on the reliability of the widely cited Gaza mortality study that estimated approximately 75,200 violent deaths occurred during the Iron Swords war. The analysis, conducted together with independent researcher Dr. Mark Zlotchin, identifies methodological issues that, according to the authors, call into question the study's claim of population representativeness, and consequently also the casualty estimates.